18 October 2012

Gold Processing Using Chemicals

In gold processing that uses chemicals, has some type of treatment, ie by melting (liquid separation), amalgamation and cyanidation. In this paper we will discuss the treatment with the Amalgamation. Amalgamation is the process of extracting gold ore by mixing gold with mercury (Hg). In this process the compounds will be formed bonds between gold, silver, and mercury itself is commonly known as amalgam (Au - Hg). Mercury will form amalgams with metals other than iron and platinum.

This process is usually done on a small scale gold mining or mining folk. Mining techniques is provided by utilizing a round drum. So, rock and other particles will be destroyed and the mercury will bind gold compounds contained in these rocks. The process of amalgamation is typically used for extracting gold in coarse grain.

In mining is certainly supported by the use of tools. In the mining process takes simple tools such as hoes hoes, shovels, chisels, crowbars, hammers, generators, bucket, bucket and rope, water pumps, blowers, wood stand, shoe mines, mining helmets, and other equipment. However, the primary gold ore processing takes some essential equipment, namely:



1. Tube amalgamation, as the eroded rock also functions as a place of amalgamation.
2. Water mill or generator that serves as a driver tube amalgamation.
3. Steel rod / media milled / rod as a rock muller.
4. Air mercury which serves to bind the gold.
5. Chalk that serves to regulate the pH of a solution that has a pH conditions 9-10.
6. Water to get the percentage of solids in the range of 30-60%.
7. Tray or the like, as a place to separate the mercury that tied gold silver (amalgam) with the rest of the processing (tailings).
8. Retort is a tool to burn amalgam to obtain alloy (alloy) gold silver (bullion).

With the materials and such, the amalgamation process for gold extraction process or do. In this process carried out several steps to get the combination of gold and silver (bullion). Processing stages are:

1. Prior to the amalgamation should be done comminution and gravity concentration processes, in order to achieve a good degree of liberation so that the gold surface exposed.

2. At the end of the concentrate results obtained plus mercury (amalgamation) performed during + 1 hour.

3. The results of this process in the form of amalgam wet (pasta) and tailings. Amalgam wet then accommodated in a place which in turn fed to the separation of mercury amalgam.

4. Against amalgam obtained from panning activities then conducted extortion activities (squeezing) using parachute cloth to separate the mercury from the amalgam (filtration). Mercury obtained can be used to further the process of amalgamation. The amount of mercury remaining in amalgan depends on how strong extortion. Amalgam by extortion manual will contain 60-70% gold and amalgam are filtered with a centrifugal can contain gold up more than 80%.

5. Retorting the burning amalgam to vaporize the mercury, so that remains in the form of gold alloy.

However, the process is done on a very large risk. The resulting waste is very dangerous for the workers, as well as to our nature. So in this mining should consider several elements. Elements include:

1. Ore extraction sites should be separated from the location of mining activities.
2. Performed at a special location for amalgamation to minimize the causes of the hazardous pollutants due to infiltration into the soil, surface water or carried by the flow of gas carried by the wind.
3. Equipped with a settling pond that serves both to process all tailings processing results before discharged into waters free.
4. Ore processing locations and sedimentation ponds are not cultivated in flooded areas.
5. Avoid treatment and disposal of tailings directly into the river.

By considering the above aspects, the negative impact of the disaster or processing of gold by way of amalgamation can be reduced. Thus, nature can still recover back because the damage is not too severe.

In addition, after the mining is completed to do the reclamation phase. This process is a process of returning the damaged forests or natural right again. This process is usually done by way of reforestation using humus or soil fertile soil is lifted to gain reserves in the mine.

The process of reclaiming mined is expected to make a fertile again. This is because the mining process will certainly destroy nature around the mine.

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